试析史书中的游侠形象——以《史记》《汉书》游侠列传为例

An Analysis of the Chinese Ranger Images in Historical Books——Takethe biographyof Rangers of "historical records" and "History in the Han Dynasty" as anexample

侠文化是我国特有的一种文化现象,随着历史进程,大量小说、戏剧和话本的出现和发展,例如《聂隐娘》《虬髯客》《三侠五义》以及近现代古龙、金庸的武侠作品,逐渐在中华传统文化中占据一席之地。与此同时,历史实际存在的游侠形象开始与小说等文艺作品中的武侠形象逐渐混淆。为了一定程度还原游侠形象,本文将从三个部分入手分析:混淆的原因,《史记》中的游侠特征,《汉书》中的游侠特征。回归《史记》《汉书》从两部史学名著中尝试对游侠形象总结。这不但有利于重新认识游侠在历史中的形象,也有利于文学上的创作。

The culture of heroism(Xia in Chinese) is one of typical cultures in China, and with the historical time passing by,there are packs of novels, dramas and paintings showing up and developing, such as Nie YinNiang, Beard Man, Three Heroes and Five Gallants modern Gu Long and Jin Yong’s martial arts works, which occupy an important position in Chinese traditional cultures. Meanwhile, the real characters of Chinese rangers in history started getting confused with ones from the literature works. In order to discern and clarify the images of Chinese rangers as far as possible, this article will be analyzed in three ways: 1. The reasons of getting confused 2. The characters depicted in the Records of the Historian 3. The characters depicted in the History in the Han Dynasty Based on the ways above, we will extract an overall image from the Records of the Historian and the History in the Han Dynasty. In this ways, not only can we reacquaint with the Chinese rangers, but also enhance the creation in literature.