皖北平原典型农业城市土地利用景观格局动态及驱动因素研究

Study on Dynamics and Driving Factors of Typical Agricultural Urban Landscape Pattern in Northern Anhui Plain

气候变化成为当前不可逆的重要背景,加剧了土地利用变化的复杂驱动机制。为探究皖北平原典型农业城市近几十年的发展历程与影响因素,以宿州市为例,基于1980—2015年的宿州市5期土地利用数据,利用景观生态学和GIS技术2种方法,对研究区土地利用和景观格局时空变化特征及其驱动力进行深入剖析,在此基础上结合研究区自然、人文要素探究主要土地变化过程的驱动机制。结果表明:(1)宿州市土地利用方式主要以耕地和城市建设用地为主体,1980、1990、2000、2010和2015年合计占比分别为94.8%、94.7%、94%、95%、95%,其中耕地占比80%以上;(2)研究期内,耕地面积减少最多(291.7km2),草地、水域、建设用地面积均呈弱增加趋势,城乡建设用地增加280.2km2,增加幅度为20.2%;(3)不同时段耕地与城镇用地之间的转换是研究区土地动态的主体,城镇用地土地利用动态度最为活跃,转入方式以耕地为主,1980—2000年和2000—2015年分别转为城镇用地9km2和37.26km2;(4)城镇用地面积的转入主要集中在各县域城区周围,其中埇桥区城区转入最多,乡镇市集存在弱转入,宿州市整体转换格局为城市化进程加剧带来的边缘化扩张;(5)人口、城镇化率和固有资产投资等为1980—2015年研究区景观格局变化的主要驱动因素。

Climate change has become an important irreversible background,which intensifies the complex driving mechanism of land-use change.In order to explore the development process and influencing factors of typical agri⁃cultural cities in the North Anhui plain in recent decades,this paper studies and selects Suzhou,a typical agricultur⁃al city in the North Anhui plain,as an example.Based on the five phases of land-use data of Suzhou from 1980 to 2015,this paper uses GIS technology and landscape ecology method to study Based on the analysis of the spatialtemporal characteristics of land use and landscape pattern and their driving forces,the driving mechanism of the main land change process is explored by combining the natural and human elements of the study area.The results showed that:(1)The main land use pattern of Suzhou city is cultivated land and urban construction land,which ac⁃counted for 94.8%,94.7%,94%,95%and 95%respectively in 1980,1990,2000,2010 and 2015,and the cultivated land accounted for more than 80%of the total land use type.(2)during the study period,the decrease of cultivated land area was the largest(291.7km2),grassland,water area and construction land area all showed a weak increase trend,and urban and rural construction land increased by 280.2km2,with an increase rate of 20.2%.(3)the conver⁃sion between cultivated land and urban and rural land in different periods is the main body of land dynamics in the research area,with the most active dynamic attitude towards land use in urban and rural areas,and the transition mode is mainly cultivated land:from 1980 to 2000 and from 2000 to 2015,it was converted to urban and rural use 9km2 and 37.26km2 respectively.(4)the transfer of urban and rural land area is mainly concentrated around each county and urban area,of which the urban area of Yongqiao district is the most transferred,and the township market is weak transferred.The overall transformation pattern of Suzhou city brings the marginal expansion brought by the intensified urbanization process.(5)The driving factors of landscape pattern change in the study area from 1980 to 2015 are mainly affected by population,urbanization rate and inherent asset investment.