高速动车组蜂窝复合板隔声特性试验研究

Experimental Study on Sound Insulation Characteristics of the Honeycomb Panel Used on High Speed Trains

为提高高速动车组蜂窝复合板特定频段隔声性能,试制了不同结构参数蜂窝复合板,采用混响室/混响室法进行隔声测试,探索蜂窝复合板隔声影响规律。研究结果表明:(1)通过增加面板厚度、材料密度、阻尼特性及提高蜂窝芯层高度均可提高其隔声性能,其中增加蜂窝芯层高度能效比最高,质量增加5%可实现隔声量提升3 dB;(2)通过增加蜂窝层高度、面板厚度,提升整体刚度,可显著改善刚度控制区低频隔声性能;(3)通过更改面板材质、增加阻尼层,提高面板阻尼特性,可显著改善阻尼控制区隔声低谷区域隔声性能。

Sound insulation characteristics of the honeycomb panel are studied experimentally in this paper.Prototypes of honeycomb panels with different structural parameters are made,then the sound transmission loss properties are tested using reverberation method.Based on the test,the parameter influential laws are analyzed and the sound insulation performance in specific frequency band are enhanced.Research results shows that:(1)The adding of thickness,density and damping of the surface plate,as well as the adding of thickness of the core layer can be much helpful to enhance the sound insulation performance of the honeycomb panel.Among the methods above,adding of thickness of the core layer is the most effective one.By this method,sound transmission loss can be increased of 3 dB by only adding 5%mass.(2)The sound insulation performance in stiffness-controlled zone can be improved through stiffness enhancement by adding thickness of the core layer and surface plate.(3)For the resonant zone,tuning the material of surface plate and adding damping material into the surface panel can improve the sound insulation performance.