原生家庭父亲教养对1~12岁儿童父亲教养投入的影响:角色观念的中介作用和抑郁的调节作用

Effect of family-of-origin paternal parenting on father involvement of 1-12 years old children:the mediating effect of role perception and moderating effect of depression

目的考察父亲教养投入的远端及近端影响因素,探讨原生家庭父亲教养、父亲自己的角色观念和教养投入的关系,以及父亲抑郁在其中的调节作用。方法采用父亲教养投入问卷、父亲角色观念问卷、父母教养方式问卷、流调中心抑郁量表对572名儿童(年龄12岁以下)的父亲进行问卷调查,通过SPSS 21.0软件进行Pearson相关分析,采用非参数百分位Bootstrap法进行数据分析。结果(1)父亲教养投入[(2.86±0.58)分]与其原生家庭父亲教养的冷漠[(7.30±3.86)分]呈负相关(r=-0.175,P<0.01),与关怀[(10.46±3.98)分]呈正相关(r=0.291,P<0.01),与父亲抑郁水平[(7.07±5.09)分]呈负相关(r=-0.266,P<0.01),与父亲角色观念[(61.52±5.92)分]呈正相关(r=0.522,P<0.01)。(2)父亲角色观念在原生家庭父亲关怀与父亲教养投入之间的关系中起部分中介作用(中介效应值为0.015,占总效应的35.71%),在原生家庭父亲冷漠与父亲教养投入之间的关系中起完全中介作用,中介效应值为-0.016。(3)父亲抑郁水平对原生家庭父亲关怀与父亲角色观念的关系有显著的调节作用(β=-0.069,P<0.05),对原生家庭父亲冷漠与父亲角色观念的关系也有显著的调节作用(β=0.121,P<0.001)。J-N法简单斜率检验显示,两个模型中的简单斜率的大小和显著性随父亲抑郁水平的升高而呈现变化。结论在原生家庭中曾经受到的父亲教养,是父亲自己对孩子教养投入的重要影响因素,两者关系中父亲的角色观念起中介作用,父亲的抑郁水平在其中起一定的调节作用。

Objective To identify the distal and proximal influencing factors of father involvement,and explore the mediating role of father's role perception and the moderating role of depression in the effect of his family-of-origin paternal parenting on father involvement.Methods Totally 572 fathers with children aged under 12 years old completed the father involvement questionnaire,role of the father questionnaire(ROFQ),parental bonding instrument(PBI)and the center for epidemiologic studies depression scale(CES-D).The Pearson correlation analysis and non-parametric percentile Bootstrap method were conducted via SPSS 21.0.Results(1)Father involvement(2.86±0.58)was found to be negatively correlated with his own family-of-origin paternal indifference(7.30±3.86)(r=-0.175,P<0.01),positively correlated with his family-of-origin paternal care(10.46±3.98)(r=0.291,P<0.01),negatively correlated with his depression(7.07±5.09)(r=-0.266,P<0.01)and positively correlated with his role perception(61.52±5.92)(r=0.522,P<0.01).(2)Father's role perception partially mediated the relationship between his family-of-origin paternal care and his own paternal involvement(the mediating effect was 0.015,which was 35.71% of the total effects)and fully mediated the relationship between his family-of-origin paternal indifference and his own paternal involvement(the mediating effect was-0.016).(3)Father's depression played a moderating role between his family-of-origin paternal care and his own role perception(β=-0.069,P<0.05).And it also played a moderating role between his family-of-origin paternal indifference and his own role perception(β=0.121,P<0.001).The results of J-N methods showed that the values and significance of simple slopes varied according to father's depression levels in both two models.Conclusion The paternal parenting that fathers had experienced in his family of origin is an important factor affects his own paternal involvement.In the relationship between father's family-of-origin paternal parenting and his own paternal involvement,father's role perception plays a mediating role and his depression level plays a moderating role.