无线传感器网络节能探索与研究

Exploration and research on energy saving of wireless sensor networks

无线传感器节点往往由电池供电,由于电池只能存储有限的能量,使得无线传感器网络注定寿命很短,因此,最大限度延长传感器设备的使用寿命是一个重要的研究方向和课题。在本次无线传感器网络节能探索研究中,分析了能量收集与管理策略,能量收集主要收集环境能源,如太阳能,通过超级电容实现能量的存储。能量管理主要通过能量预算让传感器节点处于能量中性区间。为了降低无线传感器节点能量消耗,采用超低功耗唤醒接收器在低能耗的情况下连续侦听信道,降低与通信相关的功耗。星型异步MAC协议和超低功耗唤醒接收器可以结合使用,以提高传感器网络的能源效率。实验结果表明,与传统方案相比,该方案在能源效率、功耗和吞吐量方面都有较大的提高。

Wireless sensor nodes are often powered by batteries.Because batteries can only store li-mited energy,the network is destined to have a short lifespan.Therefore,maximizing the service life of sensor devices is an important research direction and topic.In this exploration and research on energy saving of wireless sensor network,energy collection and management strategies are analyzed.Energy collection mainly collects environmental energy,such as solar energy,and realizes energy storage through super capacitor.The energy management mainly makes the sensor nodes in the energy neutral region through the energy budget.In order to reduce the energy consumption of wireless sensor nodes,ultra-low power is adopted to wake up the receiver to continuously listen to the channel under the condition of low power consumption to reduce the power consumption related to communication.The star Asynchronous MAC protocol and ultra low power wake up receiver can be used in combination to improve the energy efficiency of sensor networks.The experimental results show that compared with the traditional scheme,this scheme has great improvement in energy efficiency,power consumption and throughput.