我国现代学徒制的工具理性主义辨析

An Analysis of Tool Rationalism of Chinese Modern Apprenticeship

随着现代学徒制试点在中国兴起,其暴露出工具理性主义思维,过度关注“功能与效用”,忽视“价值与意义”。从现代学徒制的育人模式、治理手段和价值选择上看,其凸显出较强的工具化取向、工程化取向和国家中心取向,暴露出工具价值对内在价值的僭越、就业需要对生长需要的僭越、员工身份对学生身份的僭越等理性危机。现代学徒制亟需价值理性的回归,平衡育人中的功利化倾向,以实现职业教育的“善”的旨归。

The rise of the modern apprenticeship pilot programs in China has exposed the phenomenon of tool rationalism,which is represented by unduly focusing on"function and effect"while ignoring"value and meaning".In view of its educating model,governing method as well as value choice,modern apprenticeship is characterized by mechanical orientation,engineering orientation and nation-centered orientation.Besides,crises such as"tool value conquers inner value","employment need surpasses growing need","employee status transcends student status"also appeared.Therefore,value rationality is appealed to balance the inclination of utilitarianism in modern apprenticeship and help to achieve the"goodness"of vocational and technical education.