肌萎缩侧索硬化症的磁共振成像研究进展

Research Progress in Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

肌萎缩侧索硬化(ALS)是一种累及上、下运动神经元的致死性神经变性疾病,尽管已经进行了大量研究,但目前对上运动神经元变性的检测仍缺乏客观、有效的证据,也无有效的诊断生物标志物,且ALS潜在的病理生理学变化尚不清楚。目前,磁共振成像(MRI)技术可无创检测ALS患者中枢神经系统的受累情况。常规MRI及功能MRI技术可评估神经系统白质、灰质萎缩及神经网络、代谢和微结构的改变,对早期疾病诊断及监测进展具有重要意义。

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALS)is a fatal neurodegenerative disease involving upper and lower motor neurons.Although extensive research has been conducted,there is still a lack of objective and effective evidence for the detection of upper motor neuron degeneration,and the disease diagnosis lacks effective biomarkers.In addition,the underlying pathophysiological changes of ALS are not well-understood.At present,magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)technology can non-invasively detect the involvement of the central nervous system in patients with ALS.Conventional MRI and functional MRI technologies can assess the atrophy of white and gray matter,as well as changes in neural networks,metabolism,and microstructure in the nervous system,which are important for the early diagnosis and monitoring of disease progression.