人工智能研究的方法论对消解休谟问题的启示

Insights on Solving Hume’s Puzzle Utilizing Artificial Intelligence Methodology

从实践哲学的角度看,传统哲学未能解决休谟问题的根源在于,囿于理论优位的传统哲学忽视了它的实践面向。而具有以下特质的人工智能的方法论可以化解休谟问题的困境与挑战:(1)局域性;(2)语境依赖性;(3)动态可修正性。人工智能哲学作为一种实践哲学可以对"归纳推理在科学实践的合理性"做出一种符合实际的恰当解释,由此休谟困境在一定程度上可以化解。人工智能研究背后的方法论思想揭示了人类知识的不完全性、语境依赖性和流动性,归纳辩护由此应当是语境化、动态可修正的局域辩护。人工智能方法论对化解休谟问题提供了重要启示。

From the perspective of the philosophy of practice, the original reason why the traditional philosophy has failed to solve Hume’s puzzle lies in that it has emphasized the theoretical dimensions rather than the empirical ones.The methodology of Artificial Intelligence(AI) with the following features can solve the conundrums and challenges which Hume’s puzzle met:(1) locality;(2) context-dependent;and(3) dynamic revision. AI philosophy as a philosophy of practice can deliver an appropriate explanation on the"rationality of inductive reasoning in scientific practice", likewise it can decipher Hume’s puzzle to some extent. AI methodology reveals the incompleteness, contextual dependence and fluidity of human knowledge, so inductive defense should be a local defense of the contextualization and dynamic revision. As such, AI methodology provides insights on solving Hume’s puzzle.