“解释社群”与专业媒体:符号学视域下新闻述真变异的重构

"Interpretation Community" and Professional Media:The Reconstruction of News Veridiction Variation from the Perspective of Semiotics

后真相时代新闻述真发生变异,给专业媒体带来巨大挑战。鉴于新闻作为"客体事实"转换成"新闻事实"的符号化过程,其本质是一种传播主体对事实世界的解读,本文引入费什的"解释社群论",将新闻述真的目标从提供绝对、完整的客体事实世界转向提供对事实世界进行解释的标准,进而根据"解释社群"所承担的提供"意义标准"任务及其对成员资格的限制性条件提出:专业化媒体扮演"解释社群"角色具有不可替代性;"解释社群"自身具有的动态特征使得未来新闻述真的重构将形成"专业媒体主导,多元力量协同"的格局。

In the post-truth era,the news veridiction has changed,which brings huge challenges to professional media. In view of the symbolic process of transforming news as "objective facts" into "news facts",its essence is the interpretation of the world of facts by the communication subject.This article introduces Fish’s "community interpretation theory" to change the goal of news verilication from providing an absolute and complete objective fact world turns to providing standards for explaining the fact world,and then proposes based on the task of providing "meaning standards" undertaken by the "interpretation community" and the restrictive conditions for membership,professional media play the role of the "interpretation community" is irreplaceable;the dynamic characteristic of the "interpretation community" makes the reconstruction of news veridication in the future will form a pattern of "professional media dominance and multiple forces synergy".