精准公共卫生研究进展及挑战

Advances and challenges in researches on precision public health

近年来,精准公共卫生在国际医学界迅速兴起。精准公共卫生是以人群为中心,通过基因组学、生物信息技术与大数据、人工智能等工具的交叉应用,定义人群的疾病发生风险,确定可行的干预措施,以精准预测和预防疾病的发生发展,促进人群健康。精准公共卫生在传染病、慢性病、罕见病以及突发公共卫生事件中应用广泛。但是关于如何打破数据壁垒,保护数据隐私以及缺乏标准化的诊断规范仍是当前面临的挑战。本文针对精准公共卫生的定义、影响因素、应用和挑战等方面进行综述。

In recent years,precision public health has rapidly emerged in international medical community.Precision public health is centered on the population,through the cross-application of tools including genomics,bioinformatics,big data and artificial intelligence,to define the risk of disease occurrence in population,determine feasible interventions to accurately predict and prevent the occurrence and development of disease,and promote population health.Precision public health is widely used in dealing with infectious diseases,chronic diseases,rare diseases and public health emergencies.However,there are still some current challenges in breaking the"data barriers",protecting data privacy,and the lack of standardized diagnostic specifications.This article summarizes the definition,influencing factors,application and challenges of precision public health.