小麦光腥黑粉菌对小麦三种防御酶活性的影响

Effects of Tilletia foetida on Activities of Three Defense Enzymes in Wheat

为明确小麦光腥黑粉菌侵染小麦后对小麦茎、叶、穗部防御酶活性的影响,本研究以高感小麦光腥黑穗病品种‘东选3号’和高抗小麦矮腥黑穗病品种‘伊农18/兰考矮早8号’为供试材料,测定小麦被光腥黑粉菌侵染0~6 d后,小麦的过氧化氢酶(CAT)、过氧化物酶(POD)和超氧歧化物酶(SOD)的活性变化。研究表明,两个小麦品种的防御酶活性均显著升高,除感病品种叶片CAT活性的升高幅度高于抗病品种外,抗病品种小麦茎和穗部POD和SOD活性均高于感病品种,且抗病品种的酶活性持续时间长,变化幅度较平缓。接菌后两个品种叶片的防御酶活性均高于茎和穗部,而穗部的CAT和POD活性出现酶活性高峰的时间最早。三种防御酶均与小麦抗病性有一定的相关性,本研究可为小麦光腥黑穗病的抗性育种工作提供理论依据。

To reveal the effect of Tilletia foetida(Wallr.)Liro on defense enzymes activities in wheat stems,leaves and ears,the cultivar’Dongxuan3’highly sensitive to wheat common bunt and’Yinong18/Lankao Aizao8’highly resistant to wheat dwarf bunt were used as test materials to study the activities of catalase(CAT),peroxidase(POD)and superoxide dismutase(SOD)after 0~6 days of infection by the Tilletia foetida.The results showed that the activities of defense enzymes of the two wheat varieties were significantly increased.Except for the increase of CAT activity in the leaves of susceptible varieties,the activities of POD and SOD in stems and spikes of resistant varieties were higher than those of susceptible varieties,and the enzyme activities of resistant varieties lasted for a long time and the change range was more gentle.The activity of defense enzyme in the leaves of the two cultivars was higher than that in the stems and spikes,CAT and POD activity in the spikes showed the earliest peak of enzyme activity.All the three kinds of defense enzymes were correlated with disease resistance of wheat,which could provide theoretical basis for breeding resistance to common bunt of wheat.