内盖夫西门坎菌的研究现状与展望

Research progress and prospect of Simkania negevensi

内盖夫西门坎菌隶属于衣原体目西门坎菌科,是一种能广泛寄生于节肢动物、哺乳动物细胞和阿米巴虫等各种生物的新型衣原体。与目前已知衣原体相比,其具有许多独特的生物学特点,如西门坎菌囊泡与内质网密切相关、23S rRNA上存在Ⅰ型内含子等。血清学和PCR结果显示,此菌在人群中广泛分布,人类可能通过接触携带病原菌的阿米巴虫、节肢动物或饮用被污染的水后被感染,从而引发婴儿细支气管炎、成人社区获得性肺炎和慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重等呼吸道疾病的发生和发展。因此,内盖夫西门坎菌的研究为临床检测和防治提供重要线索和途径。本文就内盖夫西门坎菌研究现状作一综述。

Simkania negevensis,a novel type of Chlamydia,belongs to the family Simkaniaceae in the order of Chlamydiales,which can widely parasitizes various organisms such as arthropods,mammalian cells and amoebas.Comparing with the existing Chlamydia,it has many unique biological characteristics.For example,the Simkania-containing vacuoles are highly correlated to the endoplasmic reticulum and there are type I intron on the 23S rRNA.Serodiagnosis and PCR results showed that the bacteria were widely distributed in the population,humans may be infected through contact with pathogens of amoeba,arthropods,or drinking water contaminated with the infected,causing infant bronchiolitis,community acquired pneumonia and acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.Therefore,the research of Simkania negevensis provides important clues for its clinical detection and disease prevention.This article reviews the research progress of Simkania negevensis in the biological characteristics,pathogenicity and pathogenic mechanism.