贵州毛南族丧葬仪式及其文化内涵

Funeral Ritual and Cultural Connotation of Maonan Nationality in Guizhou

丧葬礼仪是人类特定的精神世界和社会形态、社会关系最集中的体现,凝聚着人类文化的精华,是民族文化的印记。贵州毛南族虽人口较少,但聚族而居,丧葬习俗有其独特的民俗事象,而且传承性比较稳定,呈现丰富的文化内涵。毛南族在葬礼过程中以孝为主轴做着两件事:一是对逝者的追思;二是对亡灵的送别。而且,其隆重、纷繁的丧礼过程包涵有多种文化内涵,不仅融合了百越族群的习俗文化,贵州土著民族的习俗文化,也融合了汉民族的习俗文化,形成了内容丰富、形式多样的贵州毛南族葬俗文化。

Funeral ritual is one of the most concentrated embodiments of spiritual world,social form and social relations of human beings.It embodies the essence of human culture and marks the national culture.Although the population of Maonan nationality in Guizhou is small,their concentrated living style makes a lot of unique folk customs such as funeral custom preserve stable as well as good inheritance and rich cultural connotation.In the process of funerals,Maonan people take filial piety as the main axis to do two things:one is to recall the dead;the other is to send off the dead.The solemn and complicated funeral process contains a variety of cultural connotations,which not only integrates the folk culture of Baiyue ethnic group,Guizhou indigenous people′s custom culture,but also integrates the custom culture of Han nationality,forming the funeral custom culture of Maonan nationality in Guizhou with rich content and various forms.