不同产源艾纳香油抗菌活性筛选及其对金黄色葡萄球菌抗菌作用的研究

Screening of Antibacterial Activity of Artemisia Oil from Different Sources and Preliminary Study on Its Antibacterial Activity against Staphylococcus aureus

旨在筛选抗菌效果好的艾纳香油,寻找其抗菌活性物质,分析其对金黄色葡萄球菌抗菌作用。通过对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、铜绿假单胞杆菌、无乳链球菌、白色念珠菌体外抗菌试验筛选不同产源(A1~A5)和自制的艾纳香油(B1~B9、T),采用GC-MS分析主要化学成分,并检测其部分化合物对金黄色葡萄球菌、铜绿假单胞杆菌的最小抑菌浓度(MIC)和最小杀菌浓度(MBC),采用金黄色葡萄球菌感染小鼠模型研究艾纳香油T对动物的保护作用,测定其对细菌生长及细菌形态的影响。结果表明,艾纳香油B9、T体外抗菌效果最好,金黄色葡萄球菌、铜绿假单胞杆菌对其敏感,MIC值分别为9.77、13.68μg·mL^-1,MBC值分别为19.54、27.35μg·mL^-1;从艾纳香油B5、B9、T中检测出36种共有化学成分,其中,α-葎草烯、蒎烯、芳樟醇类化合物具有一定抑菌活性;不同浓度艾纳香油T溶液均可不同程度抑制小鼠的死亡率,减轻小鼠脾肿大、肾炎性渗出,差异极显著(P<0.01);低浓度艾纳香油T溶液能延迟菌株进入对数生长期,高浓度能杀死细菌,造成菌体不规则凸出及凹陷结构,变形严重,甚至细胞破碎。筛选获得艾纳香油T抗菌活性较好,其对金黄色葡萄球菌的抑制与破坏菌体结构、抑制菌株生长有关,其中,α-葎草烯、蒎烯和芳樟醇类化合物可能是抑菌关键物质,值得进一步开发和研究。

This study aimed to screen Blumea balsamifera oil(BBO)with good antibacterial activity,seek antibacterial active substance,and preliminarily analyze its antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus(S.aureus).BBO from different sources(A1-A5)and home-made(B1-B9,T)were screened by antibacterial test to S.aureus,Escherichia coli(E.coli),Pseudomons adaceae(P.arugino.sa),Streptococcus agalactiae(GBS),Candida albicans in vitro,the main chemical constituents were analyzed by GC-MS,and its MIC and MBC was also evaluated.Also,the protective effects of BBO T in mice infected with S.aureus,and its effect on the bacterial growth curve and bacterial morphology were both determined.The results showed that BBO B9 and T had the best antibacterial effect.The MIC values for S.aureus and P.arugino.sa were 9.77,13.68μg·mL^-1,and MBC values were 19.54 and 27.35μg·mL^-1,respectively.Thirty-six common chemical constituents were detected from BBO B5,B9 and T,in whichα-Humulene,pinene and linalool had certain antibacterial activity.Different concentrations of BBO T solution could inhibit the death of mice induced by S.aureus in different degrees,and significantly reduce the splenomegaly,white spots in kidney and renal tissue necrosis in mice(P<0.01).The low concentration of BBO T solution could delay the strain to enter the logarithmic growth phase,and the high concentration could kill the bacteria,change the cell morphology and break up the cells.These results suggest that BBO T is of good quality and has good antibacterial activity in vivo and in vitro.It exerts antibacterial effect by destroying the structure of bacteria and inhibiting the growth of strains.α-Humulene,pinene and linalool in BBO may be the key antibacterial substances,which can be used for further development and research.