皱皮木瓜腐败微生物的分离鉴定

Isolation and Identification of Spoilage Microorganisms from the Fruit of Chaenomeles speciosa(Sweet)Nakai

为探明皱皮木瓜贮藏保鲜过程中腐败变质的原因,采用组织分离法对引起皱皮木瓜腐败的微生物进行分离纯化,初步分离出2株细菌和6株霉菌,未分离出酵母菌。回接实验结果表明共有2株细菌、3株霉菌能引起皱皮木瓜腐败。通过形态学及分子生物学对5株腐败微生物进行鉴定,结果表明:2株细菌分别为巨大芽孢杆菌(Bacillus megaterium)、假蕈状芽孢杆菌(B.pseudomycoides),3株霉菌分别为扩展青霉(Penicillium expansum)、枝孢霉菌(Cladosporium velox)、皮落青霉(P.crustosum)。本研究可为皱皮木瓜贮藏保鲜过程中腐败控制提供一定理论支持。

The aim of this study was to explore the cause of spoilage in the fruit of Chaenomeles speciosa(Sweet)Nakai during storage.The tissue isolation method was used to isolate the microorganisms causing decay of C.speciosa.Two bacterial strains and six mold strains but no yeast strains were obtained.The results of back-inoculation test showed that both the bacterial strains and three of the mold strains caused rot of C.speciosa fruit.These strains were identified by morphological and molecular biology methods as Bacillus megaterium,B.pseudomycoides,Penicillium crustosum,Cladosporium velox and P.expansum,respectively.This study will provide theoretical support for controlling spoilage microorganisms in C.speciosa fruit during storage.