基于微分博弈的乳制品供应链质量管理研究

Study on the Quality Management of Dairy Product Supply Chain Based on Differential Game

考虑到合理的成本分担及公平的利润分配是影响乳制品供应链系统稳定及乳制品质量保证的重要环节,本文以一个乳制品加工企业、一个奶农(牧场)和一个零售商所构成的三级供应链为研究对象,引入微分博弈的方法,研究在4种不同的乳制品质量管理博弈情形下,乳制品供应链上各成员企业愿意为质量管理工作付出的努力及其收益。研究结果表明,乳制品加工企业的质量控制和质量改进两种工作的努力程度在3种非合作质量管理博弈情形下具有相同的表现,而在合作质量管理博弈情形下,为了供应链整体利益考虑,核心企业即乳制品加工企业的质量管理工作努力程度发生了变化。而对于乳制品供应链上游的奶农和下游的零售商而言,二者对于质量管理工作的努力程度随着乳制品供应链合作的深化而不断提高,在理想的合作博弈情形下达到了最高。

Considering the reasonable cost sharing and fair distribution of profits are the important segments which can affect the system stability of dairy product supply chain and quality assurance.Focusing on a three-tier supply chain consisting of a dairy processing company,a dairy farmer(grazing farm)and a retailer,a differential game method is introduced.The optimal quality management efforts of dairy processors,dairy farmers,and retailers,and their optimal revenue function and the optimal total revenue function of the entire dairy supply chain in four different dairy product quality management game scenarios are analyzed.It is showed that as for dairy processing company,the effort level of quality control and quality improvement are of the uniform expression under the three kinds of non-cooperative quality management circumstances.While under the cooperative quality management game circumstance,considering the total profit of supply chain,the dairy processors which is as the core company change the work effort level of quality management.As to the dairy farmers and retailers which are receptively at the upriver and downriver of supply chain,the work effort level of quality management is improving continually with the cooperative intensification of dairy supply chain.Moreover,this effort may reach the highest level at the ideal cooperative quality management game circumstance.