烟田天敌昆虫载体植物的适宜性评价

Suitability Evaluation of Natural Enemy Insect Banker Plants in Tobacco Fields

载体植物系统是具有高效持续控害的生物防治害虫的新型方法,为构建适宜的烟田天敌昆虫载体植物系统。本文以蚕豆、大豆、豇豆、绿豆为载体植物,调查不同载体植物系统及其烟株上的害虫、天敌种类及消长动态,并对其防治效果进行评价。结果显示,蚜虫为载体植物系统主要害虫,瓢虫为主要天敌昆虫。其中,蚕豆载体系统害虫与天敌数量最大、发生最早;烟蚜为载体植物烟株中主要害虫,烟蚜茧蜂和龟纹瓢虫为主要天敌昆虫,7月上旬为烟田害虫高发期,控害效果蚕豆载体系统>大豆载体系统>豇豆载体系统>绿豆载体系统>对照组。在各载体系统中,蚕豆载体系统对天敌吸引效果最佳,数量多且发生早,烟田控害效果明显,可作为构建烟蚜捕食性天敌昆虫载体植物系统的首选作物。

The banker plant system is a novel method for biological control of pests with high efficiency and continuous pest control,and is designed to construct a suitable plant system for natural enemies of tobacco fields.In this paper,broad bean,soybean,cowpea,and mung bean used as banker plants the types of pests and natural enemies on different banker plant systems and tobacco plants,as well as their growth and decline,and their control effects.The results showed that aphids were the main pests of the banker plant system,and ladybirds were the main natural enemies.Among them,broad bean banker system the largest number and the earliest occurrence;Myzus persicaeis the main pest in the banker plant,Myzus persicae and Propylaea are the main natural enemies,and early July is the period of high incidence of tobacco pests.Harmful effect:broad bean banker system>soybean banker system>cowpea banker system>mung bean banker system>control group.Among the various banker systems,the broad bean banker system has the best attracting effect on natural enemies,with a large number and early occurrence,and obvious effects of tobacco field control.It can be used as the first crop for constructing a plant system for predatory natural enemies of Myzus persicae.