黔中地区樱属植物群落景观研究

Landscape Study on the Communities of Cerasus Plants in Central Guizhou Province

采用代表性样地法对贵阳市、安顺市、清镇市近郊山区的樱属植物群落进行了调查,主要考察物种的分布情况、生境条件、植物群落特点等,通过运用景观生态学方法,对群落结构、景观特征进行了分析并针对调查结果提出改进措施。结果表明,黔中地区的华中樱、山樱花分布较为广泛,所在群落季相景观变化较显著,季相特征突出;其中常绿针叶林群落的物种多样性略高于常绿落叶阔叶林,但部分常绿针叶林中乔木层郁闭度过高,灌木层草本层植株个体较少,导致空间利用不充分,整体生态效益低。本研究以群落优势种和伴生种构建人工群落骨架,模拟出合理的植物造景模式,将为贵州山地园林中以樱属植物为主的景观营造提供参考。

The classical sampling approach was used to survey the communities of Cerasus plants in the suburban mountainous areas of Guiyang,Anshun and Qingzhen.This paper mainly investigated the distribution,the habitat conditions and the characteristics of community.Landscape ecology methods were used to analyze community structure and landscape features.Based on the survey results this study proposed improvement measures.The results showed that C.conradinae and C.serrulata were distributed widely in the central area of Guizhou Province.The seasonal landscape changes of these communities were more significant,with outstanding seasonal characteristics.The diversity of evergreen coniferous forest communities was slightly higher than that of evergreen and deciduous broad-leaved forest.However,in some evergreen coniferous forests,the canopy closure of the arbor layer was too high,and there were few individual plants in the herb layer and shrub layer,which caused insufficient space utilization and low overall ecological benefits.In this study an artificial community framework was established based on dominant species and associated species,and stimulated a reasonable plant landscaping model,which provide a reference for the landscape construction of Cerasus plants in Guizhou mountain landscape architecture.