不锈钢地铁车辆侧墙内板成形模拟研究

Simulation Research of Stainless Steel Metro Vehicle Inner Plate Formation

以某型号地铁车辆不锈钢车体侧墙内板为例,利用Autoform有限元软件,分析了润滑方式、拉延筋、压边力和模具间隙等对不锈钢侧墙内板拉延成形的影响规律。结果表明:聚氟乙烯薄膜作为润滑介质垫在不锈钢板与凸凹模、压料板之间,能够显著改善侧墙内板的成形性,改善拉裂缺陷。通过正交试验得到匹配参数的优化组合,可进一步对拉延不足和拉裂缺陷协调控制。优化组合的参数设置为:拉延筋系数0.35、压边力300 kN和单边模具间隙1.20 mm。基于该模拟优化参数进行了模具设计和成形试验,得到了合格的试验件,验证了模拟仿真结果的准确性和控制措施的有效性。

Taking the inner plate of certain type of metro vehicle stainless steel vehicle body,using Autoform finite element software,the pattern of how process factors such as lubrication mode,draw bead,blank holder force and die clearance influence the stainless steel inner plate formation is investigated.The results show that the formability can be significantly improved by arranging the PVF film between die and stainless steel plate.The optimal combination of parameters can be obtained by the orthogonal experiment,which could further control and coordinate insufficient drawing and cracks.The optimal setting parameters are the force factor of draw bead being 0.35,the pressure plate force being 300 kN,and the single-side die clearance being 1.20 mm.Based on the simulated optimal parameters,die design and formation test are conducted,and qualified sample is obtained,which verifies the accuracy of simulation results and effectiveness of controlling methods.