广西卫生人力资源时空分异研究

Study on Spatial-temporal Differentiation of Health Human Resources in Guangxi

目的:通过集聚度分析和空间自相关分析,描绘广西卫生人力资源的空间格局和变化情况,评价新医改前后广西卫生人力资源配置的积极成果和不足。方法:采用《广西统计年鉴》空间面板数据,计算Moran指数,构建空间杜宾模型,探索影响广西卫生人力资源空间分布的主要因素及空间溢出效应。结果:广西卫生人力资源分布呈较明显的非均衡性,集聚程度较显著,主要集中在南宁、柳州、北海;2008—2018年,广西卫生技术人员大幅增加,稀疏地区明显减少,而Moran’I值有所下降,表明卫生人力资源有分散趋势;人均GDP和卫生机构床位数是影响卫生技术人员空间分布的主要因素。结论:新医改加强了广西基层卫生人力资源的供给,但分布不均衡现象依旧存在。对此,在积极推动卫生人力资源稀疏地区经济发展和硬件建设的同时,鼓励卫生技术人员良性流动,改善医疗服务的可及性和公平性。

Objective Through agglomeration degree analysis and spatial autocorrelation analysis,describe the spatial pattern and changes of health human resources in Guangxi and evaluate the positive achievements and deficiencies of the allocation of health human resources in Guangxi before and after the new medical reform.Methods Using the spatial panel data of Guangxi Statistical Yearbook,calculate Moran index and construct spatial Durbin model to explore the main factors affecting the spatial distribution of health human resources and spatial spillover effects in Guangxi.Results The distribution of health human resources in Guangxi is obviously unbalanced,and the degree of agglomeration is significant,mainly in Nanning,Liuzhou and Beihai;from 2008 to 2018,the number of health technical personnel in Guangxi increased significantly,and the sparse areas decreased significantly,while the value of Moran’I decreased,indicating the decentralize trend of health human resources;Per capita GDP and the number of beds in health institutions are the main factors affecting the spatial distribution of health technical personnel.Conclusion The new medical reform has strengthened the supply of primary health human resources in Guangxi,but the unbalanced distribution still exists.In this regard,while actively promoting economic development and hardware construction in areas with sparse health human resources,we should encourage the healthy flow of health technical personnel and improve the accessibility and fairness of medical services.