聚乙烯膜表面能提升改性的研究进展

Research Progress on Surface Energy Enhancement Modification of Polyethylene Film

聚乙烯膜表面改性的目的是在膜表面引入极性基团,提高膜表面的粗糙度,消除弱界面层,提高膜表面能。综述了聚乙烯膜的几种表面改性方法,包括化学改性法、火焰及热处理法、表面接枝法、等离子体处理法、电晕处理法、共混改性法、共同作用法等,并对比了各改性方法的优缺点。聚乙烯是非极性材料,表面能比较低(30~32 dynes/cm),其表面呈惰性和疏水性,因此不易与其他材料相复合或相混合,从而造成其亲水性、印刷性、染色性、抗静电性、粘接性以及与其他极性聚合物或无机填料的相容性差,限制了聚乙烯的进一步应用。通过文献检索、效果及机理分析、对比、评论等方法,综合展现和比较聚乙烯膜表面改性。化学法、共混法操作简单,化学法、接枝法、共混法效果稳定,共同作用法操作条件温和且效果持久,添加剂掺入量为1000 mg/L时,能够维持表面能38 dynes/cm三个月以上,且添加剂对极性溶剂稳定,不影响聚乙烯本体的性能,具有工业应用价值。

The purpose of surface modification of polyethylene(PE)film is to introduce polar groups on the surface,so as to improve the surface roughness of the film,and eliminate the weak interface layer,thus improving the surface energy of the film.Several surface modification methods of polyethylene film were reviewed,including chemical modification,flame and heat treatment,surface grafting,plasma treatment,corona treatment,blending modification and interaction method,and the advantages and disadvantages of each modification method were compared.PE is a non-polar material with low surface energy(30~32 dynes/cm).Its surface is inert and hydrophobic,so it is not easy to be composite or mixed with other materials.Therefore,it is of poor hydrophilicity,printability,dyeing,antistatic property,adhesion,and compatibility with other polar polymers or inorganic fillers,which limits the further application of PE.This paper shows and compares the surface modification of polyethylene film comprehensively through literature search,effect and mechanism analysis,comparison,review and other methods.The chemical modification,flame and heat treatment,surface grafting,plasma treatment,corona treatment,blending modification and co-treatment method have been reviewed,with their advantages and disadvantages compared.The chemical method and blending method are easy to operate.Moreover,the chemical method,grafting method and blending method can maintain stable effects.In addition,the co-treatment method has mild operation conditions and long-lasting effect.The surface energy of 38 dynes/cm can be maintained for more than three months when the additive content is 1000 mg/L.The additive is stable to the polar solvent and does not affect the performance of PE bulk.Therefore,the research is of great potential in industrial application.