湖南高校科技成果转化实证研究

An Empirical Study on the Transformation of Scientific and Technological Achievements of Universities in Hunan

高校科技成果是地方和国家科技进步、经济发展的重要推动力,高校科技成果的转化基础和转化水平可以较好地反应高校科技成果的转化实力。通过湖南高校专利信息的客观分析结果揭示的专利质量了解湖南高校的科技成果转化基础,通过产学研合作情况、有效专利实施率等了解其转化水平。发现湖南高校96%的专利权利要求数量不到10项、有效专利的专利保护范围偏小、96%的失效专利因未缴年费而终止、专利代理质量未进行统一管理、有效专利实施率偏低。高校传统的被动式、登记式的科研管理模式,以及仅注重科技成果转化利益分配的机制并不利于培育市场需要的高质量专利,也不利于形成促进科技成果转化的生态系统。应用型项目应推动"市场后拉式"的研发模式,专利资助政策向有转化前景的高质量专利倾斜,各高校应建立基于专利全生命周期的科技成果转化机制提升高校专利质量、提高科技成果转化水平。

The scientific and technological achievements of universities are the important driving force of local and national scientific and technological progress and economic development.The transformation basis and level of scientific and technological achievements in universities can better reflect the transformation strength of scientific and technological achievements.Through the patent quality revealed by the objective analysis results of patent information of Hunan universities,we can understand the transformation basis of scientific and technological achievements of Hunan universities,and understand the transformation level through the cooperation of industry,university and research,and the effective patent implementation rate.It is found that 96%of the patents of universities in Hunan have less than 10 patent claims per patent,the scope of patent protection of valid patents is relatively small,96%of invalid patents are terminated without paying annual fees,the quality of patent agency is not under unified management,and the implementation rate of effective patents is low.The traditional passive and registered management mode of scientific research in universities,as well as the mechanism of only paying attention to the transformation of scientific and technological achievements,are not conducive to the cultivation of high-quality patents needed by the market and the formation of an ecosystem to promote the transformation of scientific and technological achievements.The application-oriented projects should promote the"market driven"R&D mode,and the patent subsidy policy should be inclined to the high-quality patents with transformation prospects.Universities should establish the transformation mechanism of scientific and technological achievements based on the whole life cycle of patents,so as to improve the quality of patents and the transformation level of scientific and technological achievements.