长柱型日本蛇根草花冠筒内横生绒毛作用探究

The Effect of Lateral Pubescence in the Corolla Tube of Long Style Ophiorrhiza japonica

目的:日本蛇根草有长柱型和短柱型两种花型,且长柱型花筒内有一圈横生绒毛,而短柱型则无,因此对长柱型日本蛇根草花筒内绒毛结构的作用进行探究。方法:通过热成像仪记录长柱型、短柱型、去除绒毛长柱型花筒区域的温度变化;利用TTC染色法比较长短柱型花粉活力强弱;使用联苯胺-过氧化氢溶液检测长短柱型柱头可授性持续时长;同时将不同柱型同开放时长的花药浸水一定时长后,用TTC染色法对花粉染色,比较不同柱型花粉的耐水性;最后进行自然和自交情况下的授粉处理,收取种子,比较不同柱型的种子数。结果:长柱型日本蛇根草花筒区域温度整体水平上高于短柱型和去除绒毛长柱型;长柱型花粉活力较强,且花粉寿命长于短柱型;长短柱型柱头可授性持续时长均在6天左右,且都在第3天后可授性急剧下降;长柱型花粉耐水性比短柱型强;长柱型自然和自交授粉处理所结种子数均高于短柱型。结论:长柱型的绒毛结构具有保温作用,同时也在其花粉活力和防止自交等方面有一定影响。

Objective:There are two flower types in Ophiorrhiza japonica,and a circle of lateral pubescence grows in the inner of the corolla tube of long style O.japonica,but not in the short style type.Therefore,we explored the function of pubescence structure.Methods:We used thermal imager to record the temperature changes in the long style type,short style type and long style type with pubescence removed.TTC staining was used to compare the pollen activity between the long and short style type.Benzidine hydrogen peroxide solution was used to detect the receptivity duration of long and short style stigmas.At the same time,the anthers of different types opening at the same time were soaked in water for a certain period of time,and the pollen was stained with TTC staining to compare the water tolerance of different style pollen.Results:The temperature on long style type was higher than both short style type and long style type with pubescence removed.The pollen vitality of the long style type was stronger,and the pollen life was longer than that of the short style type.The style stigmas receptivity of long and short type lasted for about 6 days,and decreased sharply after the third day.The water tolerance of long style pollen was stronger than that of short style pollen.The seed number of long style type was higher than that of short style type in natural and self pollination treatment.Conclusions:the pubescence structure has the function of heat preservation,and also has some influence on pollen activity and prevention of self-crossing.