辐射伏特效应核电池换能器件中的β粒子能量沉积行为

Simulation of energy deposition of βparticles in betavoltaic battery transducer materials

β粒子在换能材料中的能量沉积行为是β辐射伏特效应核电池仿真中的一项重要研究内容,通常使用蒙特卡罗软件Casino和MCNP(Monte Carlo N Particle Transport Code)来实现。其中,Casino难以模拟连续能量β粒子在换能材料中的能量沉积过程,而MCNP作为一款商业软件,其使用不仅受到版权限制,而且不易扩展。因此,基于通用的开源蒙特卡罗程序框架Geant4(GEometry ANd Tracking,version 4),在充分考虑β衰变连续能谱、放射源的自吸收以及电子在换能材料界面的反散射过程后,建立了模拟放射源衰变产生的β粒子在换能器件中的能量沉积行为的通用模型,并与Casino的部分计算结果进行了比较。模拟结果表明:基于Geant4的计算模型可以准确地模拟β粒子在核电池换能器件中的能量沉积行为,并具有应用方便、软件开放、易拓展等优点。

[Background]The energy deposition behavior ofβparticles in transducer material is an important issue in the simulation of a betavoltaic battery,which is usually performed by Monte Carlo software Casino and MCNP(Monte Carlo N Particle Transport Code).However,it is difficult to simulate the continuous energy spectrum ofβparticles by Casino software.The commercial software MCNP is subject to many restrictions on its copyright,it is very necessary to study the energy deposition ofβparticles in transducer materials based on the universal opensource Monte Carlo program Geant4(GEometry ANd Tracking,version 4).[Purpose]This study aims to develop a model based on Geant4 to study the energy deposition ofβparticles in betavoltaic battery transducer materials.[Methods]Based on the framework of Geant4 software,a general simulation model of energy deposition behavior was developed.The continuousβspectrum,the self-absorption of radioactive source,and the backscattering ofβparticles on the source-transducer interface were taken into account completely in this model for the Monte-Carlo simulation study,and the computation results were compared with that of Casino software.[Results]Simulation comparison results show that this simulation model can accurately simulate the energy deposition behavior ofβparticles in the transducer materials of betavoltaic battery.[Conclusions]Simulation model proposed in this study can be used to study the energy deposition ofβparticles in the transducer materials with advantages of convenient application,open software and easy extension to other source-transducer combinations.