“联合国海洋科学促进可持续发展十年”:内容与评述

United Nations Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development:Content and analysis

为了找到逆转海洋健康状况衰退的有效途径,联合国决定自2021年启动“联合国海洋科学促进可持续发展十年”(以下简称“海洋十年”)计划。2020年12月31日获得联合国大会审议通过的《“海洋十年”实施计划》以“构建我们所需要的科学、打造我们所希望的海洋”为愿景,描绘了“海洋十年”的预期成果、挑战与目标,以及实施、治理、协调、筹资、监督与审查等机制。“海洋十年”被联合国喻为“一生一次”的计划,是联合国发起的海洋大科学综合性顶层计划,它将通过激发和推动海洋科学领域的变革,在全球和国家层面构建更加强大的基于科技创新的治理体系来实现海洋的可持续发展。这将深刻改变人类对海洋的认知与行为模式,深刻影响乃至引导海洋秩序的演化过程,也会对海洋区域合作整体布局产生较大影响。建议我国以“海洋命运共同体”理念为指导,积极参与“海洋十年”,作为深度参与全球海洋治理的核心抓手,尽快组建“海洋十年”国家委员会,制定中国行动方案,与国际社会一道推进海洋的可持续发展。

In order to find an effective way to reverse the decline in the health of the oceans,the United Nations has decided to launch the"United Nations Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development"(hereinafter referred to as the"Ocean Decade")since 2021.The Implementation Plan of Ocean Decade,which has been aceepted by the United Nations General Assembly on September 31,2020,outlines the Ocean Decade’s vision of“building the science we need and the ocean we want”,and sets out the outcomes,challenges and objectives of the Ocean Decade,as well as mechanisms for implementation,governance,coordination,financing,monitoring and review.Described by the United Nations as a“once in a lifetime”programme,the Ocean Decade is a comprehensive United Nations-sponsored capstone programme for Ocean Megasciences that will build stronger science and technology innovation-based governance system at the global and national levels by inspiring and driving change in marine science.This will profoundly change human cognition and behavioural patterns towards the oceans,profoundly influence and even guide the evolution of the marine order,and have a great impact on the overall layout of regional cooperation in the oceans.It is suggested that China,guided by the concept of the“Marine Community with Shared Future”,actively participate in the Ocean Decade as a core means of deepening its participation in global ocean governance,and establish the Ocean Decade National Committee as soon as possible,and develop a Chinese programme of action to advance the sustainable development of the oceans and seas together with the international community.