考古视角下的古夜郎族群生活习俗探论

On Living Customs of Ancient Yelang Ethnic Group from the Perspective of Archaeology

贵州境内汉代墓葬分布较广,通过墓葬中的出土文物,可以考察古夜郎族群民风民俗的面貌。贵州汉代墓葬的出土文物反映,在衣食住行等物质文化生活方面,古夜郎族群已经具有显著的农耕文化特征;巫觋鬼神的过度信仰,体现了古夜郎族群以农牧为基础的思想意识和精神寄托;生殖崇拜的多种多样,附着着古夜郎族群在农牧社会条件下繁衍后代的文化色彩;赫章可乐出土的“套头葬”,具有深厚的农耕文明的文化意蕴和独特的科考文旅价值。

The tombs of Han Dynasty are widely distributed in Guizhou.Through the cultural relics unearthed from the tombs,the folk customs of the ancient Yelang ethnic group can be investigated.The cultural relics unearthed from the tombs of Han Dynasty in Guizhou Province show that the ancient Yelang ethnic group has obvious agricultural characteristics in terms of material and cultural life,such as clothing,food,housing and transportation;the excessive belief in witches,ghosts and gods reflects their ideology and spiritual sustenance,which are based on farming and animal husbandry;the persistent and diverse reproduction worship adheres to the cultural color of the ancient Yelang people in the agricultural and pastoral society;the"head-covering burial"unearthed in Kele Town,Hezhang County has profound cultural implication of farming civilization and unique value of scientific research,culture and tourism.