信用保险融资纠纷的仲裁处理——出口信用保险项下贸易不真实的法律问题

The Arbitration Settlement of Credit Insurance Financing Disputes——Legal Issues of Trade Untruth under Export Credit Insurance Contracts

信用保险融资纠纷的法律问题主要包括仲裁庭的管辖权、银行是否为适格的当事人以及保险公司不予赔付的理由。关于仲裁庭的管辖权问题,《保险合同》和《赔款转让协议》约定了不同的仲裁机构,而银行向《赔款转让协议》约定的仲裁机构申请仲裁时,仲裁庭作中止仲裁的做法无可厚非,但是,出于仲裁效率考虑,在理论上可以探讨由该仲裁庭直接管辖,一并审理《保险合同》纠纷和《赔款转让协议》纠纷。关于银行是否适格的当事人问题,除非卖方(被保险人)怠于行使保险合同之债权,银行可以向《保险合同》约定的仲裁机构申请仲裁,否则银行不宜作为适格的仲裁申请人。关于保险公司不予赔付之理由,不应采保险合同无效之观点,在对保险合同作有效认定之下,宜以贸易不真实不属保险合同保障范围支持保险人拒绝赔付。

The legal issues of credit insurance financing disputes mainly include Whether the arbitral tribunal has jurisdiction,whether the bank is a qualified party,and the reasons why the insurer does not pay benefits.About the jurisdiction of the arbitration tribunal,when insurance contract and the payment transfer agreement agreed different arbitration institutions,and the bank applies to the arbitration institution in the payment transfer agreement for arbitration,the tribunal’s decision to suspend the proceedings is understandable.but,for the sake of efficiency of arbitration,in theory,it is reasonable for the arbitration institution of the payment transfer agreement to merge their jurisdiction.As for the question of whether the bank is qualified party,unless the seller(the insured)is negligent in exercising the creditor’s rights under the insurance contract,so the bank may apply to the arbitration institution in the Insurance Contract for arbitration,otherwise the bank should not be the qualified party.As for the reasons why an insurance company does not pay insurance benefits,the insurance contract should not be void,and the arbitration tribunal should support the insurer to refuse paying benefits,because the unreal trade is not covered by insurance contract.