2019年历史罕见的高温干旱对婺源绿茶的影响分析

Impact Analysis of Rare High Temperature and Drought on Wuyuan Green Tea in 2019

通过利用婺源县国家自动气象观测站和11个乡镇的区域自动气象观测站逐日气象观测资料,与常年气象观测资料进行综合对比分析,从中总结出高温干旱的气候变化特征及其对茶叶生产的影响。结果表明:高温持续时间长、强度大,部分茶叶主产区达到重度高温热害指标;降水量、雨日数显著偏少,达到中度茶树干旱气象指标;影响要素特征明显,日平均相对湿度偏低且蒸发量大,日照时数异常偏多;在空间分布上,婺源县的西部地区高温热害强于东北部地区。

In this paper,the daily meteorological observation data of Wuyuan national automatic meteorological observation station and 11 regional automatic meteorological observation stations in villages and towns were used for comprehensive comparative analysis with the annual meteorological observation data.The climate change characteristics of high temperature and drought and its impact on tea production are summarized.The results showed that the high temperature was long duration and high intensity,which caused some tea production areas to reach high heat damage.The precipitation and rainy days were significantly less,which leaded to a moderate drought meteorological index of tea trees.The characteristics of influencing factors of low daily average relative humidity,large evaporation and abnormal sunshine hours were obvious.In terms of spatial distribution,the high temperature heat damage in the west of Wuyuan was stronger than that in the northeast.