车辆冷却系统高原热平衡性能研究

Study on the Heat Balance Performance of Vehicle Cooling System at Altitude Conditions

目的分析海拔高度(大气压力)、环境温度、冷却液温度以及冷却风量等对车辆冷却系统高原散热性能的影响。方法采用模拟试验与仿真相结合的方法。结果海拔升高1000 m,发动机水套散热量平均增加约5.3%;冷却液温度升高10℃,发动机水套散热量平均降低约14.5%;海拔升高1000 m,若保持发动机热平衡状态不变(出口冷却液温度恒定),散热器入口冷却空气流量需增大约8.8%。结论以发动机热平衡状态保持恒定为目标,计算得到了散热器冷却风量随发动机转速、负荷以及海拔高度的变化MAP图,为高原地区车辆冷却系统匹配设计以及优化提供了参考。

This study aims to analyze the effects of altitude(atmospheric pressure),ambient temperature,coolant temperature and cooling air volume on the heat dissipation performance of vehicle cooling system at altitude conditions.The means of test and simulation were used to the study.The results show that,the heat dissipation from the engine water jacket increases by 5.3%with the altitude increase by 1,000 m;the heat dissipation from the engine water jacket decreases by 14.5%with the coolant temperature increase by 10℃.With the altitude increase by 1,000 m,if the engine heat balance state remains unchanged(outlet coolant temperature remains constant),the cooling air volume at radiator inlet should increase by about 8.8%.With the goal of keeping the engine heat balance constant,the MAP of cooling air volume of radiator changing with the engine speed,load and altitude was calculated,which provides a reference for the matching design and optimization of the vehicle cooling system at altitude conditions.