高空吊车人机界面的安全模型和范式构建研究

Research on Safety Model and Paradigm Construction of Human-machine Interface for High-altitude Crane

高空吊车在建筑工地多用来吊装设备及建筑用原材料,受视线距离、作业环境、作业任务的影响,常因重物、吊具从吊钩脱落或者钢丝绳拉断,造成吊具、吊装重物等从高空坠落,引发人身伤亡和设备毁坏安全现象。因而通过人机交互,有效地采集与安全现象相关的安全数据,通过安全信息反馈给操作人员,操作人员采取有效的安全技术措施,防止此类安全现象事故的发生,实现智慧安全尤为重要。为此,基于安全感知、安全认知和安全任务,从人机界面的布局构建高空吊车人机界面的安全模型,提出了一种面向任务的易学、高效、易记的人机界面范式PIMG。实现静态信息呈现与动态交互方式,人机界面设计多采用一键操控和手势操控,操作人员易学,易接受,进而减少误操作,提高交互效率。

The high-altitude crane is widely used in construction site to hoist equipment and raw materials for construction,and are affected by sight distance,working environment,and work tasks.They often fall from high altitude because heavy objects or hoists fall off from hooks or wire ropes,causing hoists hoisting heavy objects to fall from high altitude,causing casualties among adults and damaging safety of equipment.Therefore,through human-computer interaction,effectively collect safety data related to safety phenomena,feedback to operators through safety information,operators take effective safety technical measures to prevent the occurrence of such safety phenomenon accidents,and realize intelligent safety is particularly important.Based on safety perception,safety cognition and safety task,this paper constructs the safety model of human-machine interface of high-altitude crane from the layout of human-machine interface.To realize static information presentation and dynamic interaction mode,man-machine interface design uses one-click control and gesture control,the operator is easy to learn,easy to accept,and then reduce misoperation,improve interaction efficiency.