浅谈日本养老保险及养老制度发展及启示

On the Development and Enlightenment of Pension Insurance and Pension System in Japan

随着我国人口老龄化发展态势持续加剧,探索应对老龄化的有效举措是当务之急。日本作为邻国,其养老保险发展过程与我国较为相似。日本实施的双轨制养老保障体系,以国民养老保险与福利养老保险为基础,以构建看护福祉与社区嵌入式养老制度发展为保障,以自助、互助与公助风尚为养老保障体系落地提供环境。从多层次、多角度切实满足日趋多元化的养老需求。因此,本文对日本现行养老保障体系展开研究,并对其经验及不足之处进行总结,使我国能够更好地应对当前严峻的人口老龄化国情。

With the rapid development of aging in our country,it is imperative to explore ways to actively respond to aging.As a neighboring country,Japan’s pension insurance development process is similar to China.The dual-track old-age security system implemented in Japan is based on the national pension insurance and welfare pension insurance,with the construction of nursing welfare and community embedded pension development as the guarantee,and self-help,mutual assistance and public assistance provide environmental support for the implementation of the old-age security system.We will effectively meet different and increasingly diversified elderly care needs from multiple levels and perspectives.This article conducts research on Japan’s current old-age security system,analyzes and summarizes its experience and shortcomings,so that making our country to better deal with the current severe population aging national conditions,and puts forward some suggestions for improving the construction of the old-age security system.