新中国古籍出版的肇始——以人民文学出版社等20世纪50年代的“国家出版机关”为例

The Start of New China’s Ancient Book Publishing ——Revisiting the People’s Literature Publishing House and Other State-owned Publishing Houses in the 1950s

新中国为确立对出版事业的统一管理和加强规划,成立了一系列的专业出版社,通过这些国家出版机关协助出版管理部门调整有关的出版任务与出版计划。随着出版专业化和计划化的推进,发行与出版分工、古籍出版与一般出版分工,在古籍整理出版领域也出现了相应的国家出版机关,即肇始于1954年、在1957年与恢复建制的中华书局合并的古籍出版社。而1958年成立古籍整理出版规划小组,以中华书局为办事机构,其模式与古籍出版社的设立与运作是一脉相承的。本文将就古籍出版社等国家古籍出版机关的历史和出版成绩进行梳理,使新中国古籍整理与出版的历史面目更显清晰。

After the founding of the New China, a series of specialized publishing houses were established to exercise unified management of and strengthen planning for publishing. These state-owned publishing houses assisted the publishing management authority in adjusting relevant publishing tasks and plans. As publishing became increasingly specialized and plan-based, there was a division of labor between distribution and publishing, ancient book publishing and publishing of general books. The ancient book reorganization and publishing field saw the setup of a state-owned publishing house, i.e. the Ancient Books Publishing House founded in 1954 and merged in 1957 with the Zhonghua Book Company which had restored its organizational system. The Ancient Book Reorganization and Publishing Planning Group, born in 1958 with the Zhonghua Book Company as its administrative office, was set up and operated under the same model as the Ancient Books Publishing House. The paper sorts out the history and publishing achievements of such state-owned ancient book publishing houses as the Ancient Books Publishing House to reconstruct the past scene of ancient book reorganization and publishing in New China.