采血换纸装置的研制与在静脉穿刺中的应用

Development of tissue-changing device in blood sampling and the application of this device in venipuncture

目的:研发一种采血换纸装置,用于静脉穿刺时的纸巾更换,以预防患者在医院内的交叉感染。方法:采血换纸装置由支撑台、送纸筒、收纸筒、驱动收纸滚筒的旋转电机驱动机构以及输送机构组成,将采血换纸装置平放在静脉抽血操作台上进行操作,采血前后一人一巾更换。选取体检抽血的30名体检者,按随机数表法将其分为对照组和观察组,每组15名。采血时对照组采用传统更换纸巾方法,观察组采用采血换纸装置,对比分析两组医护人员更换采血纸巾的时间。结果:在6次采血试验中,观察组和对照组1人次平均完成采血时间分别为(61.67±7.26)s和(75.67±9.31)s,两组1人次、5人次、10人次和15人次的平均完成时间比较,差异均有统计学意义(t=0.270,t=0.117,t=0.773,t=0.798;P<0.05),且缩短了采血等候时间。结论:采血换纸装置优化了医护人员更换采血纸巾的方法,可节约采血时间,提高医护人员工作效率,有效预防院内交叉感染的风险。

Objective:To develop a tissue-changing device for blood sampling so as to prevent nosocomial cross infection of patients during venipuncture.Methods:The tissue-changing device for blood sampling consisted of a supporting platform,a tissue feeding roller,a tissue collecting roller,a motor system of electric rotating machinery for driving tissue-collecting roller,and a transporting system.Tissue-changing device was placed on operation desk of blood sampling for operation,and the tissue was replaced once after one patient was completed.A total of 30 persons who underwent physical examination in hospital were selected,and they were randomly divided into control group(15 cases)and observation group(15 cases).The control group and observation group were treated with conventional manual tissue-changing method and tissue-changing device respectively,then the time of tissue-changing for blood sampling between two groups was compared and analyzed.Results:In six experiments,the average blood sampling times per patient of observation group and control group were respectively(61.67±7.26)s and(75.67±9.31)s.The differences of average completion time of 1 person-time,5 person-time,10 person-time and 15 person-time between the two groups were significant(t=0.270,t=0.117,t=0.773,t=0.798,P<0.05),and the waiting time for blood sampling was shortened.Conclusion:The tissue-changing device for blood sampling can optimize tissue-changing method of paramedics in blood sampling,and save blood sampling time,and increase working efficiency of paramedics and effectively prevent the risk of nosocomial cross infection.