基于分布形态的语义和句法选择

A Distributed Morphology Approach to Semantic and Categorical Selection

语义选择和句法选择是句法语义界面研究的重要内容。既往相关研究并未形成共识,部分研究认为句法选择和语义选择存在一致性,但是不能得到生成语法经典赋格理论的支持。本研究基于分布形态理论,以动宾结构的动名组配为例说明语义和句法选择的实质和进程。语义和句法选择并不一致,两者分别发生在词根和定类语素进入句法推导之时;语义选择在推导的晚期阶段完成,因此具备一定的灵活性;句法选择是一个连续的、统一的过程,主要由节点特征通过竞争实现。相关实例分析进一步支持分布形态理论的若干重要假设。

Semantic selection and categorical selection are particularly important for the study of semantic and syntactic interface.The consensus has not been reached by the former studies as some assume s-selection and c-selection are the same but others deem this can not be supported by the case theory.The present study aims at clarifying the essence and process of s-selection and c-selection exemplified by verb and noun collocation in verb phrase,based on distributed morphology.The conclusion is that the s-selection and c-selection do not agree in essence in the sense that they take place at different stages of root merge and category merge in syntactic derivation.S-selection finishes at a late stage in the derivational process and thus possesses considerable flexibility.C-selection is a continuous and unified process and is realized through feature competition at nodes.The case analyses of the present study also evidence some of the hypotheses of the distributed morphology.