新疆某高校维吾尔族、汉族大学生血脂异常分布的横断面研究

Distribution of dyslipidemia among Uygur and Han students in a university in Xinjiang:a cross-sectional study

目的探讨新疆汉族和维吾尔族大学生血脂异常分布差异和特点。方法采用横断面调查方法,纳入2019年9~12月在新疆医科大学体检中心体检的,就读于新疆医科大学的大学生,按照民族分为汉族和维吾尔族,选取资料完整的、年龄20~26岁的大学生共4780人作为研究对象。测量并记录每名入组对象的身高、体质指数(BMI)、血压、总胆固醇(TC)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、三酰甘油(TG)和空腹血糖(FBG)。分析并比较两组学生血脂异常情况,采用多重线性回归评估影响BMI的因素。结果纳入的4780人中,汉族2626人,维吾尔族2154人,平均年龄(21.0±1.6)岁,男性1551人(32.4%)。对比维吾尔族学生,汉族学生的平均年龄较小(20.7岁比21.4岁),男性比例较高(36.1%比28.0%),TG(0.92 mmol/L比0.82 mmol/L)、HDL-C(1.45 mmol/L比1.41 mmol/L)和FBG(4.89 mmol/L比4.77 mmol/L)水平较高(均为P<0.001)。对比维吾尔族男生,汉族男生的体重、身高和BMI也较高(均为P<0.05);对比维吾尔族女生,汉族女生的体重和身高也较高(均为P<0.05)。汉族学生高TG率较维吾尔族学生高(7.0%比3.6%,P<0.001),而维吾尔族学生低HDL-C率较汉族学生高(23.0%比17.5%,P<0.001)。多重线性回归结果显示,汉族和维吾尔族学生的身高和体重均是BMI的独立影响因素(均为P<0.001)。结论本研究提示,汉族和维吾尔族学生的血脂异常分布存在差异,而男生和女生的身高和体重均是BMI的独立影响因素。

Objective To explore the differences and characteristics of the distribution of dyslipidemia in Xinjiang Han and Uygur college students.Methods This was a cross-sectional study.The college students at the Physical Examination Center of Xinjiang Medical University from September 2019 to December 2019 were divided into Han and Uygurs according to their nationality.A total of 4780 college students aged from 20 to 26 were selected as the research objects.The height,body mass index(BMI),blood pressure,total cholesterol(TC),high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C),triglyceride(TG)and fasting blood glucose(FBG)were measured and recorded.The dyslipidemia of the two groups was analyzed and compared,and multiple linear regression was used to evaluate the factors affecting BMI.Results Among the 4780 students included,2626 were Han nationality,2154 were Uygur nationality,with an average age of 21.0±1.6 years,and 1551(32.4%)males.Compared with Uygur students,Han students were younger(20.7 years old vs.21.4 years old),and the proportion of men was higher(36.1%vs.28.0%),TG(0.92 mmol/L vs.0.82 mmol/L),HDL-C(1.45 mmol/L vs.1.41 mmol/L)and FBG(4.89 mmol/L vs.4.77 mmol/L)(all P<0.001).Compared with Uygur boys,Han boys had higher weight,height and BMI(all P<0.05);compared with Uygur girls,Han girls had higher weight and height(both P<0.05).The high TG rate of Han students was higher than that of Uygur students(7.0%vs.3.6%,P<0.001),while the rate of low HDL-C of Uygur students was higher than that of Han students(23.0%vs.17.5%,P<0.001).Multiple linear regression showed that the height and weight of Han and Uygur students were independent influencing factors of BMI(all P<0.001).Conclusions There is a difference in the distribution rate of dyslipidemia between Han and Uygur students,and the height and weight of boys and girls are independent influencing factors of BMI.