中国水电新发展与西部水电接续开发

New Development of Hydropower in China and Continuous Development of Hydropower in Western China

中国水力资源非常丰富,技术可开发量约为全球43%。中国水力开发100年历程大致可划分为艰难起步阶段(1904~1949年)、自主创业阶段(1950~1979年)、发力赶超阶段(1980~1999年)和突破发展阶段(2000~2018年)等四个阶段。特别是改革开放40多年以来,中国水电建设得到巨大发展,多项技术超越和领先世界水平,创新了大量世界之最,创造了中国水电智慧,并走向世界。未来,常规水电开发重心进一步向西部转移,机遇与挑战并存。中国西北水电接续开发需要深化科技创新研究与应用,强化生态环境保护研究,重视解决水库移民深层次问题。

China is very rich in water resources,with about 43%of the world’s technology exploitable.The 100 year history of China’s hydropower development can be roughly divided into four stages:the difficult initial stage(1904~1949),the arduous pioneering stage(1950~1979),the speed-up and catch-up stage(1980~1999)and the breakthrough development stage(2000~2018).In particular,since the reform and opening up for more than 40 years,China’s hydropower construction has achieved great development,many technologies surpass and lead the world level,innovates a large number of the world’s best,creates China’s hydropower wisdom,and goes to the world.In the future,the focus of conventional hydropower development will further shift to the west,with opportunities and challenges coexisting.China’s hydropower development needs to deepen the research and application of scientific and technological innovation,strengthen the research of ecological environment protection,and pay attention to solving the deep-seated problems of reservoir resettlement.