磨料水射流加工材料去除机制及影响因素分析

Analysis of Material Removal Mechanism and Influencing Factors in Abrasive Water Jet Processing

对磨料水射流加工过程材料的去除机制及相关影响因素进行了分析,结果表明:工件表面材料的去除主要取决于磨料粒子的切削、铲削以及压痕成坑等侵蚀行为的综合作用,介质水起到加速粒子以及冷却工件作用,保证加工过程材料无热变形现象发生。影响工件切割效果的因素有很多,包括射流压力P、进砂比、进给速率V以及喷嘴高度h等,其中射流压力P和进砂比影响工件切割深度和切割效率,进给速率V影响切面质量及切缝角的大小,喷嘴高度h影响切缝形态及切割深度,h过大时射流束失去聚合性,出现发散现象,无法完成预设切割深度。

In this paper,the material removal mechanism and related influencing factors in abrasive water jet machining process are analyzed.The results show that the material removal on the substrate surface mainly depends on the comprehensive action mechanism of abrasive particle cutting,slotting and indentation pitting.The medium water can accelerate the particles and cool down to ensure that there is no material thermal deformation during the machining process.There are many factors that affect the cutting effect of substrate,including jet pressure P,sand feed ratio,feed rate V and nozzle height h.The jet pressure P and sand feed ratio affect the cutting depth and cutting efficiency,the feed rate V affects the quality of the cutting surface and the size of the kerf angle,and the nozzle height h affects the slit shape and cutting depth.When h is too high,the jet beam will lose polymerization and divergence,and the preset cutting depth cannot be completed.