壳体建筑微结构仿生的桁膜复合结构原型研究

Beam-membranes Composites Prototype of Shell Architecture on Micro-structural Biomimetic

自然界广泛存在的桁膜复合结构是结构仿生研究中的重要发现之一,主要表现为在结构性能驱动下的膜结构与桁架结构的杂交。首先,文章介绍自然界中存在的桁膜复合结构形态以及与之相关的研究。进而,从结构性能及构成角度,分析桁膜复合结构原理,及不同先锋建筑师展开的结构原型研究。最后,从性能化装饰的角度,讨论以桁膜结构原型为基础拓展出的结构、机械与美学一体化系统。未来以算法技术、新材料与智能建造技术为支撑的建筑工程中,以桁膜复合结构为仿生原型的壳体建筑研究与工程应用将具有广阔前景。

The beam-membranes composites structure which exists widely in nature is one of the important findings in structural biomimetic research,which is mainly manifested as the hybrid of membrane structure and truss structure driven by structural performance.Firstly,the morphologies of beammembranes composites structures in nature and their related researches are introduced.Then,from the perspective of structural performance and composition,this paper analyzes the principle of beammembranes composites structure and the structural prototype research carried out by different pioneer architects.Finally,from the perspective of performance-based decoration,the structural,mechanical and aesthetic integration system based on the beam-membranes composites prototype is discussed.In the future construction projects supported by algorithm technology,new materials and intelligent construction technology,the bionics of beam-membranes composites structure will exert a far-reaching influence on the research and engineering application of shell architecture.