磁罗经北极高纬海区航向误差分析与补偿

Error Analysis and Correction of Magnetic Compass in Arctic High Latitude Area

针对舰船高纬海区航行时磁罗经指北力减弱,指向精度降低的问题,将船舶在白令海至北极东北航道实测的磁罗经指向数据与高精度GPS光纤罗经指向数据对比,分析舰船磁罗经在北极高纬地区指向的稳定性和自差变化特性,构建误差拟合曲线并基于拟合参数建立北极高纬海区磁罗经指向误差补偿模型,仿真结果表明,通过误差补偿,磁罗经在北极高纬海区的指向误差明显减小,在纬度70°以下海区补偿残差不超过3°,在78°以下海区补偿残差不超过5°,满足舰船北极高纬海区航行时磁罗经指向精度要求。

When the ship is sailing in Arctic high latitude area,the north pointing force of the magnetic compass is weakened and the pointing accuracy is reduced.By using the measured data of the magnetic compass in the Bering sea to the Northeast passage of the Arctic,by comparing the high-precision GPS optical fiber compass pointing data,the stability and the variation characteristics of the magnetic compass deviation were analyzed,the error fitting curve was constructed and the pointing error compensation model of magnetic compass in the high latitude area of the North pole was established based on the fitting parameters.The simulation results showed that the pointing error of the magnetic compass in the Arctic high latitude area is obviously reduced by error compensation;the compensating residual is no more than 3°in the sea area below 70°and 5°in the sea area below 78°,which meets the requirement of magnetic compass pointing precision when the ship sails in the high latitude area of the North pole.