对外直接投资、劳动合同与技能工资差距

Outward Foreign Direct Investment,Labor Contract and Skill Wage Gap

将我国对外直接投资数据和最新的微观个体数据相匹配,并利用差异检验、分位数回归等方法,从劳动合同的新视角考察了对外直接投资对高、低技能组的组间工资差距和组内工资差距的影响。研究发现:与发达国家不同,我国对外直接投资有助于临时合同工人工资水平的提高,且提升作用大于固定合同工人;对外直接投资在扩大高、低技能组间工资差距的同时也缩小了组内工资差距,即具有“组间扩大,组内收敛”的极化效应;对外直接投资对低技能组组内工资差距的缩小作用主要是通过提高低技能组中低收入群体的临时合同工人工资水平实现的。研究结论为客观评估对外直接投资对居民收入极化的影响提供了一个来自转型发展中国家的证据,对劳动力市场政策的调整具有重要的政策含义。

This paper matches the outward foreign direct investment data of China’s industry level with the latest micro personal data,and using the method of difference test and quantile regression,empirically to analyze the influence of outward foreign direct investment on skill wage gap from the new perspective of labor contract.The study has found that,unlike outward foreign direct investment of developed countries,China’s outward foreign direct investment contributes to the increase of wage level of temporary contract workers,and the role of promotion is greater than that of fixed contract workers.China’s outward foreign direct investment expands the wage gap between the high and low skill groups,and also reduces the wage gap within the group,and that is to say,it has the polarization effect of“expansion between group and convergence within group”.Moreover,China’s outward foreign direct investment reduces the wage gap in the low skilled group,mainly by improving the wage level of the temporary contract workers in the low skilled groups.The conclusion of the study provides evidence from developing countries in transition for the objective assessment of the impact of FDI on the income gap of residents.The conclusion of the study has important policy implications for the adjustment of labor market policy.