“在家上学”儿童社会化发展的争议及启示

The Controversy and Enlightenment of the Development of“Homeschooling”Children’s Socialization

“在家上学”是当前教育和学校发展过程中,尤其是义务教育发展阶段教育公平问题的新呈现。文章探析“在家上学”的背景及原因,以及该模式下对儿童社会化发展的争议。反对声集中在儿童活动范围小、圈子单一、团队协作和解决复杂生活实际问题的能力缺失,而支持者则认为“在家上学”的儿童不仅参加与人交流的活动多,也具有合作能力和解决复杂实际问题的能力,甚至还更优于其他孩子。在分析美国“在家上学”发展过程中反映的诸多问题的基础上,文章反思我国在基础教育改革中对这种教育模式应如何有序管理、衔接学籍,以给予这类儿童精神和物质保障,正视并保障其社会化的健康发展。

“Homeschooling”is a new manifestation of the issue of education equity in the current education and school development process,especially in the development stage of compulsory education.As school education has been questioned,the“homeschooling”education form has gradually developed,but it is inevitable that some scholars worry about the development trend of children’s socialization under this educational situation.This article analyzes the status quo and problems of“homeschooling”,current researchers’controversy over the development of children’s socialization.The objections concentrated on the small scope of children’s activities,the single circle,the lack of teamwork and the lack of ability to solve complex practical problems in life,while the supporters believed that“homeschooling”children not only participated in many activities to communicate with others,but also had the ability to cooperate,and the ability to solve complex practical problems is even better than other children.This article also investigates the many problems reflected in the development of“homeschooling”in the United States,and deeply enlightens China’s basic education reform on how to orderly manage this educational model,link up with the problems of school status,and provide such children with spiritual and material protection and face up to ensure the healthy development of children’s socialization.