色氨酸调控畜禽热应激研究进展

Research Progress on Role of Tryptophan in Counteracting Heat Stress in Livestock and Poultry

热应激是影响畜禽生产的重要因素之一,损害畜禽健康、生产性能和产品品质。家畜和家禽由于新陈代谢快、生产性能高、散热性能差等原因,极易受到高温应激、环境缺氧的影响。色氨酸(Trp)是畜禽必需氨基酸之一,在营养代谢和消化吸收方面必不可少,作为一系列生物活性物质的前体,可通过微生物-内脏-脑轴的信号传递,在调节机体免疫、肠道屏障功能和肠道菌群结构及多样性等方面起着至关重要的作用。本文从热应激产生的机理及对畜禽的影响和色氨酸对热应激的调节作用进行综述,重点探讨色氨酸影响热应激可能的分子作用机制。

Heat stress is one of the important factors affecting the welfare,production performance and product quality of livestock and poultry.Livestock and poultry are susceptible to heat stress and environmental hypoxia due to their rapid metabolic rate,high level of production and poor performance of heat dissipation.Tryptophan,one of nutritionally essential amino acid,plays an essential role in nutrition metabolism,digestion and absorption in livestock and poultry.As a precursor of a series of bioactive substances,tryptophan is pivotal molecule in signal transmission along the microbiome-gut-brain axis,and plays a vital role in modulating immune response,intestinal barrier function and intestinal microbial composition and diversity.This review summarizes the mechanism of heat stress and its effect on livestock and poultry as well as the regulation of tryptophan on heat stress in livestock and poultry,focusing on possible mechanisms involved in mediating heat stress.