矿物质缓释丸对育肥牦牛生长性能、屠宰性能及肉品质的影响

Effects of Sustained-Release Mineral Bolus on Growth Performance,Slaughter Performance and Meat Quality of Fattening Yaks

本试验旨在研究矿物质缓释丸对育肥牦牛生长性能、屠宰性能及肉品质的影响,以丰富牦牛矿物质营养调控技术及提供相关理论依据。选择体况相近、健康的生长期公牦牛16头,按照体重相近原则分为2组,分别为对照组(C组)和试验组(T组),每组8头牛。2组饲喂相同的基础饲粮,T组在试验开始时投喂矿物质缓释丸,C组不投喂。2组牦牛均舍饲,试验期90 d。结果表明:1)T组的平均日增重和干物质采食量显著高于C组(P<0.05),且料重比显著低于C组(P<0.05)。2)T组的宰前活重、胴体重、屠宰率较C组分别提高了7.50%、12.93%和5.14%(P>0.05),且眼肌面积较C组有升高的趋势(P=0.056)。3)T组和C组牦牛之间的背最长肌和股二头肌pH 45 min和pH 24 h差异均不显著(P>0.05)。T组的背最长肌和股二头肌的亮度、黄度值均显著低于C组(P<0.05);T组的背最长肌红度值较C组显著高于C组(P<0.05),股二头肌红度值有升高的趋势(P=0.091)。4)T组的背最长肌滴水损失显著低于C组(P<0.05),股二头肌滴水损失较C组降低了4.52%(P>0.05)。综上所述,矿物质缓释丸可以提高育肥牦牛生长性能、屠宰性能,改善肉品质。

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of sustained-release mineral bolus on growth performance,slaughter performance and meat quality of fattening yaks,and to enrich the technology of mineral nutrition regulation of yaks and provide relevant theoretical basis.Sixteen healthy male yaks with similar physical conditions during growth period were selected and divided into two groups,named control group(group C)and treatment group(group T),each group contained eight yaks.Two group were fed the same basal diet,and group T were fed the sustained-release mineral bolus at the beginning of trial,while group C were not fed.Both groups of yaks were house fattening,and the trial lasted for 90 days.The results showed as follows:1)the average daily gain and dry matter intake of group T were significantly higher than those of group C(P<0.05),and the ratio of feed to gain was significantly lower than that that of group C(P<0.05).2)Compared with group C,the live weight before slaughter,carcass weight and slaughter rate of group T were increased by 7.50%,12.93%and 5.14%(P>0.05),and the loin muscle area tended to increase(P=0.056).3)There were no significant differences in pH 45 min and pH 24 h in longissimus dorsi and biceps femoris between group C and group T(P>0.05).The lightness and yellowness value in longissimus dorsi and biceps femoris of group T were significantly lower than those of group C(P<0.05);the redness value of longissimus dorsi of group T was significantly higher than that of group C(P<0.05),and the redness value in biceps femoris tended to increase(P=0.091).4)The drip loss in longissimus dorsi of group T was significantly lower than that of group C(P<0.05),and the drip loss in biceps femoris was decreased by 4.52%compared with group C(P>0.05).In conclusion,sustained-release mineral bolus can improve the growth performance,slaughtering performance and meat quality of housing fattened yaks.