防浪林不同林木布置模式对河道水流结构的影响

Effects of forest layout patterns in anti-wave forest on resistance characteristics of wave and current

针对真实防浪林中水体流动特征研究难度较大的问题,通过在防浪明渠中布置非淹没刚性植被模拟防浪林.基于试验与数值模拟相结合的方法,研究了不同来流条件下交错形式布置和平行形式布置这两种不同形式防浪林的阻力特征.通过设计植被阻力测量装置,对不同植被布置形式下植被对水流造成的阻力进行了直接的测量.研究结果表明:植被后涡旋的尺度越大,测力计显示的植被后水流阻力越大,并初步建立了不同来流条件下流量与采样斑块上植被对水流阻力所产生的影响的定量关系模型.结果显示,交错形式布置的防浪林对水流的阻力比平行形式布置的防浪林更大,且随着来流流量的增加,交错形式布置的防浪林消能效果更好.

To solve the difficulty of studying the characteristics of flow in real anti-wave forests,the anti-wave forest was simulated by arranging non-submerged rigid vegetation in open channel.Based on the combination of experiment and numerical simulation,the resistance characteristics of two different arrangements of staggered arrangement and parallel arrangement were investigated under different incoming flow conditions.A vegetation resistance measuring device was designed to directly measure the resistance caused by vegetation under different vegetation arrangements.The research results show that with the increasing of the scale of vortex behind vegetation,the indication value from the dynamometer is increased.The quantitative relationship between the flow and the resistance of vegetation to flow under different incoming flow conditions is initially established.The staggered wave-breaking forest has greater resistance effect to flow than that of the parallel wave-breaking forest.As the incoming flow increases,the staggered wave-breaking forest has better energy dissipation effect.