木材科学与技术研究新进展

Newly advances in wood science and technology

木材作为世界四大基础材料中(钢铁、水泥、塑料、木材)唯一的可再生资源,广泛应用于家具、建筑、能源、新材料等领域,与人们的生活息息相关,已成为国民经济重要支柱产业。从木材微观分子生物学到宏观木结构,再到新型木质纳米材料进行全面阐释,对于木材科学与技术领域的基础理论研究和重大核心技术突破具有重要指导意义。木材科学与技术已发展为综合性的交叉学科,资源、环境和科学技术的发展,使得木材科学与技术领域的基础理论研究和关键技术取得了一系列的重大突破。笔者从微观的细胞分子层面到宏观的木结构和木建筑,从木材构造与材性、木材水分及干燥、木材保护与改良、木材重组与复合、木制品与木结构、木材解离与组装、木材解构及转化等方面,概述了木材科学与技术的经典理论,重点总结分析了近二十年来木材科学与技术领域取得的系列新进展,概括木材及其衍生材料在新型先进纳米复合材料领域的应用,并展望了木材科学与技术领域未来的研究热点和发展方向,以期为我国林产工业,特别是木材加工产业的科技进步和产业结构调整与升级提供理论和技术支撑。

As the only renewable resource among the four basic materials(steel, cement, plastic and wood) in the world, wood is widely used in furniture, construction, energy, new materials and other fields. Wood and wood-related industry are important pillar industry of the national economy and closely related to human lives. From microscopic cellular and molecular level to macroscopic wood structure, and then to new wood nanomaterials, a comprehensive interpretation of wood is of great guiding significance for the research of basic theoretical and major breakthroughs in the field of wood science and technology. Wood science and technology has developed into a comprehensive interdisciplinary. With the development of resources, environment and new technology, a series of major breakthroughs have been made in the basic theoretical research and key technologies in the field of wood science and technology. From microscopic cellular and molecular level to macroscopic wood structure and architecture, the classical theories of wood science and technology are summarized from the aspects of wood structure and wood properties, wood moisture and drying, wood protection and improvement, wood recombination and compounding, wood products and wood structure, wood dissociation and assembly, wood deconstruction and transformation, etc. A series of new developments in the field of wood science and technology in the past two decades and the application of wood and its derivative materials in new advanced nanocomposite materials are summarized, and the future research hotspots and development directions in the field of wood science and technology are prospected, aiming at providing theoretical and technical support for the scientific and technological progress, industrial structure adjustment and upgrading of forest products industry, especially the wood processing industry.