令狐楚的文学创作与唐代“词学”

Linghu Chu’s Literary Writing and Studies of Rhetoric in the Tang Dynasty

令狐楚十五岁即以"善属文"而得名,其创作以崇尚属词比事、讲究骈对声律的表册章奏和近体诗歌为主,审美趣味也以庙堂与宫廷的文学趣味为尚,是典型的词学之士。他在太原幕时,即以表文为德宗赏识,后入朝知制诰,充翰林学士,中书舍人,进而拜相,其一生的道路皆以词学荣身,是著名的词臣。但另一方面,令狐楚的文学创作始终恪守"词学"本位,未能突破庙堂文学的局限,与盛唐以来的复古诗学异趣,故在文学史尤其是诗歌史上的地位不高。

Linghu Chu(768—837) had earned a reputation for good writing since he was fifteen years old. His literary works, including court memorials, proposals, manifestos, and recent-style poems, are mainly presented in an aggregative pattern(words or phrases) or paralleling pattern(four-character or six-character lines). From an atheistic point of view, his literary writings embody the taste of literature of the imperial court in the Tang dynasty. He is proficient in rhetoric. When he took an official post in Taiyuan, his manifesto was fully appreciated by Emperor De of the Tang(r.780—805). Later, he entered the court to draft edicts, became a scholar of Hanlin Academy and then Imperial Secretariat official, and was eventually appointed as the prime minster. His political journey is entirely accompanied with his literary works for imperial court. However, Linghu Chu had never made a breakthrough in the literature of imperial court. He always adhered strictly to its standard and differentiated himself from advocates of returning to the ancient literature since the High Tang. Therefore, he had not been recognized as a prestige figure in literary history of the Tang, especially in the history of poetics.