人因视角下SLP/遗传算法集成模型车间布局优化

Optimization of Workshop Layout Based on SLP/GA Integrated Model from the Perspective of Human Factors

为了解决车间优化布局的同时降低工人体力劳动强度,引入快速全身评估法,对作业人员的动作因素进行定量分析。综合性别,相对代谢率,物流因素建立人因视角下的车间布局优化模型并采用SLP/遗传算法集成算法对模型进行求解。结合现场数据资料,利用SLP方法分析各作业单元得物流与非物流关系形成的初步优化方案,并用其替代由遗传算法随机生成的初始种群的部分染色体。减少了人的经验判断对初始车间设备布局方案的影响,提高了遗传算法的搜索效率与全局收敛性。以某高压真空断路器机箱车间为例,利用该模型进行布局优化设计,使得物流成本降低26.5%,工人累计疲劳指数降低11.6%。

In order to solve the problem of optimizing the layout of workshop and reducing the labor intensity of workers at the same time,the Rapid Entire Body Assessment(REBA)was introduced to quantitatively analyze the action factors of the operators.Comprehensive sex,relative metabolic rate,and logistics factors establish a workshop layout optimization model from the perspective of human factors and solved by SLP/GA integrated algorithm.In the process of solution,some chromosomes of initial population randomly generated by genetic algorithm are replaced by preliminary optimization which is to use SLP method and field data to analyze the formation of logistics and non-logistics relationship of each unit.It reduces the influence of human experience judgment on the initial workshop equipment layout scheme,improves the search efficiency of genetic algorithm and improves the global astringency of the algorithm.Taking a high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker case workshop as an example,the model is used to optimize the layout and design of unit facilities.It reduces logistics costs by 26.5%and cumulative fatigue index by 11.6%.