论我国非健全证人作证制度的转型

On Transition of Chinese Unsound Witness System

近些年,涉及儿童的犯罪案件越来越受到关注。这些案件涉及到儿童等非健全证人作证问题。从实质上而言,非健全证人作证主要涉及事实问题而不是价值问题。我国现行非健全证人作证制度的证据能力模式误将事实问题纳入价值问题的处理机制,从而导致该制度在实践中不仅实施案件量很少,而且实施效果难以令人满意。随着我国刑事司法改革和制度的发展,现行制度的矛盾将会越来越突出。但是,该制度不仅在实体上存在实施的根本性难题,而且在程序上缺乏相应的审查机制。总体来看,该制度有必要转向证明力模式。这种转型不仅符合我国刑事司法的传统价值、实践基础和司法资源现状,也符合国际发展潮流。

Recently,crime involving children attracts more and more public attention.This case relates to unsound witness system.In essence,it is fact rather than value that unsound witness refers to.Chinese current unsound witness system adopts the competence-model,so it puts fact problem into value resolution mechanism in mistake.As a result,there are few cases in application,and it’s effect is not satisfied.With reform and development of Chinese criminal procedure system,the problem of competence-model will becomes more prominent.But,not only it’s content is hard to carry out,but also short of investigation mechanism.On the whole,it is necessary to convert to probative-force-model.It not only accords with Chinese traditional value,practical foundation of criminal justice,current situation of judicial resources but also with international development trend.