乌托邦战争论——莫尔《乌托邦》中的战争观

On the Utopia Warfare:The View of War in Thomas More’s Utopia

莫尔的《乌托邦》专辟一节讲述乌托邦人的战争观。乌托邦人表面反战,却不仅有一套自己的正义战争理由,还有一套高度理性的战争行为。对这部分文本的仔细分析表明,这些论述并不严肃;相反,根据沃格林的诊断,莫尔的戏谑背后是文艺复兴时期的人文主义智识人共有的那种贪婪狂特质。在当下,更为审慎的做法是重新审视而非一味推崇文艺复兴智识人。

Thomas More’s Utopia devotes a section to the Utopians’view of war.Utopians,who are against war on the surface,have not only a set of justifications for just wars,but also a set of highly rational war behaviors.A careful analysis of this part of the text shows that these statements are not serious.According to Eric Voegelin’s diagnosis,behind More’s jocosity is the kind of pleonexia that is commonly shared by humanistic intellectuals in the Renaissance.At present,it’s supposed to be more cautious to reconsider these intellectuals rather than simply recommend them.