我国自贸区(港)建设中刑法变通适用的路径探索

Exploring the Path to the Flexible Implementation of the Criminal Law in the Construction of Free Trade Zone(Port)in China

基于自然犯与法定犯的传统基本犯罪分类,由于我国自贸区(港)内特殊的经济、行政法规等前置性法律规范的变化,将导致自贸区(港)内法定犯空间效力上的限缩;刑法适用的普遍性与特殊性冲突在自贸区(港)内有突出表现,而我国刑事立法对刑法适用普遍性的例外即"刑法变通实施权"亦进行了立法确认;对于自贸区(港)内刑法的变通实施可通过立法路径上的"法条授权"方式以及司法路径上的最高司法机关的司法解释和地方司法机关的指导性意见来实现。

According to the traditional basic classification of natural crime and statutory crime,the spatial effectiveness of statutory crime in the free trade zone(port)will be limited due to the changes of the special economic and administrative laws and regulations in the free trade zone(port).The conflict between the universality and particularity of the application of criminal law is prominent in the free trade zone(port);however,the exception for the universality of the application of criminal law in China’s criminal legislation,namely"the right of flexible implementation of criminal law",has been confirmed by legislation.The flexible implementation of the criminal law in the free trade zone(port)can be realized through the way of"law authorization"in the legislative approach,the judicial interpretation by the highest judicial organ in the judicial approach and the guiding opinions of local judicial organs.